All posts by Gerard van Steyn - 4. page

Due to Corvid-19, the Sacramento State Fair and the Orange County Fair have been cancelled for this year, including their wine competitions. If you are interested in having your wine judged this year, one option for amateur winemakers is the Winemaker Magazine International Amateur Wine Competition, which is accepting wine entries until June 1, 2020.

https://winemakermag.com/competition/competition-overview

For commercial winemakers, the SF Chronicle Wine Competition is evidently still scheduled and entries are due by November 15, 2020. https://winejudging.com/

Following is information about a new vineyard manager who is interested in obtaining clients in the Lamorinda area:

Meredith White grew up in Lamorinda and graduated from Middlebury College, Magna Cum Laude in 2015 with a degree in comparative literature. Since graduation, she has worked in as a vineyard technician, a vineyard field worker and has had other jobs in viticulture. She is now starting out on her own, as a one-person vineyard manager. Meredith’s contact information is:   meredith.white91@gmail.com   (925) 360-0034

It should be noted that Meredith currently does not have her applicator’s license and has somewhat limited experience. But she is young and motivated. If you are seeking a vineyard manager, or if your current vineyard manager has not been performing satisfactorily, Meredith is a new option to consider.

Another shelter in place reading option, this time about the potential health benefits of red wine.

https://www.womenshealthmag.com/uk/health/a32014640/red-wine-benefits/

Well, virtual wine tasting appears to be a new option during stay in place. But I, for one, recommend at least having a glass of wine in hand during any “virtual” tasting!

Wine Enthusiast Magazine Online: With Virtual Tastings and Tours, Wine Country Comes to the People.
https://www.winemag.com/2020/04/01/virtual-wine-tastings-american-wineries/

In these days of Covid-19 worries and lock-downs, perhaps a diversion into the deep details of wine tasting will provide some needed relief.

WineMakerMag.com ARTICLE – Wine Tasting 101, Written by Tim Vandergrift

Most of us make wine because we like to drink it. The drinking part is easy to master: just tilt your head back and swallow. The tasting part, however, is a little more complicated.
There is a lot of mystic hoo-hah written about wine tasting, with tales of tasters so accomplished that they can not only tell what kind of wine it is, but also the vintage, producer, vineyard, and which side of the hill the grapes were grown on. This is what we technical guys term “hooey.” Sure, if you specialize in one type of wine — say, Bordeaux — and drink nothing but, you can develop a good-enough taste memory to identify some wines by a single taste. However, throw a couple of good California Meritages into the mix and the taster will be lost.

Why to Taste
The real aim of tasting is to identify grape characteristics and techniques used in making a wine. Then you can decide whether these suit your criteria. Analytical tasting will help you to separate the tastes and aromas that make up the complex palette of a wine. Eventually you’ll be able to assess not only your own wine, but also any other wine you drink. This will make you a better winemaker.
How to Taste
Wine tasting breaks down into three separate actions: look, smell, and taste. Each of these individual actions will tell you a little bit more about the wine and together they will supply you with the whole story about what you’re drinking.
First, look at the wine to appreciate color and clarity. Second, carefully smell the wine to appreciate aromas. Third, taste it to evaluate flavor.
A tasting glass should have tall sides that curve slightly inward at the top and a stem long enough to be grasped with the hand.

Glassware
The basic tool for wine tasting is a good quality wineglass. The structure of the ideal glass varies, depending on whom you talk to, but in general:• It should be spotlessly clean, with no haze, spots or dishwasher residue. When in doubt, wash by hand.• It should have at least 6 ounces (180 mL) in capacity, although some specialty glasses go up to 30 ounces (900 mL) and work very well.• It should have tall sides that curve inward slightly at the top, to allow the wine inside to be swirled without spilling.• It should have a stem long enough to be grasped with the hand, so that you don’t have to grip the bowl and get it greasy with fingerprints, or warm the wine inside.
A lot of wineglasses sold for home use are terrible for tasting. They’re too  small by far, with wide, flat bowls and sides that curve outwards at the top. Do yourself a favor and get some good tasting glasses. They needn’t be terribly expensive — your retailer should be able to help you get a decent one.
One of my favorite inexpensive tasting glasses is the INAO glass, designed specifically for competition tasting. A quick search on the Internet or in the phone book will find a purveyor near you, although it might be a restaurant supply store or a wholesaler. This could be a case where a wine club could pitch in to purchase the minimum case amount.
Of course, if money is no object, then you can seek out the Riedel Sommellier series of wine tasting glasses. They have different glasses for every wine, and the specialization seems to make a difference. Of course, what kind of idiot spends thousands of dollars for a set of wine tasting glasses? Other than me, I mean.
One more thing about your glass: When you’re tasting, you don’t have to pour more than 1.5 ounces (45 mL) into the glass. Any more and you won’t have enough room to swirl. Remember that this is about tasting, not drinking.

Part One: Look
The appearance of the wine gives you a good start at knowing the type of grape, the age of the wine, and its potential “weight,” a measure of the concentration of flavor.
Clarity: Almost all wines you taste will be perfectly clear. Kit wines come with very effective fining agents, and with a little extra age they almost always achieve “star bright” quality. If your wines are hazy, you may wish to reassess your techniques, or consider filtering as an option. (For more information on filtering kit wines, see the October-November 2002 WineMaker.)
While a very minor haze in red wines is not terribly distracting, modern fashion dictates that white wine be as clear as water. If you’re assessing wine for competition, haze equals lost points. However, older examples of red wine may have a small deposit in the bottle. This does not detract from their quality. It’s merely a sign they’ve gone through the natural aging process.
Assess the wine’s color and hue by tilting the glass over a white background. Don’t hold up the glass and try to peer through it.    
Look at the thinnest edge of the wine. Red  wines range in color from light pink for  blushes to inky purple-black for Shiraz.
Color and Hue: Assess the wine’s color and hue by tilting the glass over a white background. Don’t hold the glass up and try to peer through the wine. By tilting the glass you’ll expose a thin layer of wine for inspection, and holding it over a white background will give you an accurate idea of the true color.
Look at the thinnest edge of the wine where it meets the glass. White wines range from water-white for light-flavored, young wines, on through to straw and light gold for fuller-flavored wines like Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay, to deep golden for oaked and aged Chardonnay, amber for icewine and toasty-brown for sherry. Red wines range from a light pink for blushes and “white” Zinfandel, to garnet or light ruby for Pinot Noir, to deep ruby for Cabernet and Merlot, to inky purple-black for Shiraz and Zinfandel.
As important as the color is the hue. When white wines are very young they tend to have a crisp yellow-white or almost greenish hue. As they age, the pigments change and lend a darker, more golden color. This change isn’t necessarily the sign of decay, or a flaw in the wine. It’s just natural evolution.
Red wines have several different color compounds that contribute to its hue. However, when a red wine is young, some of these compounds are actually blue. We learned from finger painting in kindergarten that red and blue mixed together make purple (the perfect color for mommy’s hair). Therefore, very young red wines, such as Beaujolais Nouveau or any red under two years of age, have a distinctive purple hue. As the wine ages, the blue compounds gradually turn red, and the wine goes from purple to true red, and eventually to a more brick-red color. Again, this is a sign of the wine evolving, not spoiling.
The only time you should be worried about the color being off is when you observe the wine to be an inappropriate, muddy brown, or when the wine has a tinge of gray at the edge of the glass.

Part Two: Look
The next visual assessment requires a bit of physical action that comes in handy when tasting wine: the swirl. You will need to swirl your wine glass in a circular movement to coat the inside of the glass. Once the wine has coated the glass, carefully observe the droplets as they flow down the sides of the glass. Are they fat, sticky drops that run down like oil? This indicates a wine that has either high alcohol, or residual sugar, or a lot of flavor compounds. Any one of these will make the wine heavier and more viscous-seeming, and will contribute to the wine’s “weight” in the mouth.
On the other hand, if the wine looks like fine lines of liquid, like raindrops running down a window, this will indicate a dry wine, perhaps with lower alcohol, and lower levels of flavor compounds. This isn’t necessarily a defect, merely a style variation.
If the wine runs down in a uniform sheet, without leaving a sticky trail, change your detergent. Many modern “no-streak” dishwashing detergents  contain surfactants and sequestering agents. These chemicals stay on the surface of the glass, making the wine sheet down as well. If this is the case, wash your glasses by hand in a good, unscented detergent, and start over.
Swirl the glass in a short oval motion to coat the inside with wine. Then watch how the wine flows down the sides.

Nose to the Winestone: Smell
Human beings can actually smell tens of thousands of different aroma compounds. While some people are more sensitive than others, everyone can improve his ability to discover smells by using the right technique.
The right technique is a bit indelicate, but rewarding. The first step is to swirl the wine vigorously in the glass, to fully express the aromas. Then stick your nose deep into the glass and give a really sharp, hard sniff, like you would if you were trying to drink a milkshake through your nose.
The purpose of the vigorous sniff is to engage all of your olfactory apparatus. Your nose is a sensitive instrument, but it can’t do its job if you only feed it little bunny sniffs. It needs big, brawny snorts to deliver the smells to the sense receptors. So don’t be embarrassed. You paid for the wine, and you should smell all of it! The difference between a deep whiff and a tentative sniff is the difference between an expert wine taster and a wanna-be.
When you sniff, think about all of the smells you encounter. Wine has its own unique smell makeup, but all of those smells relate to familiar aromas. It isn’t necessary to get all airy-fairy with descriptions of “delicate hints of this” or “faint soupçon of that.” Just think about what it smells like to you.
Getting to the Good Part: Tasting
To get the most out of your taste you need to work the wine over in your mouth. Just like letting a piece of chocolate melt in your mouth, wine will cover your palate with flavor if you take your time.
To that end, start by taking a small sip of wine, about two teaspoons worth. Hold it in the front of your mouth, between the tip of your tongue and your front teeth. Purse your lips (like you’re going to whistle), tilt your head forward a bit, and suck in a small amount of air. This is important: Don’t inhale, just take in a little bit of air.
This gurgle of air running through the wine will aerate it, opening up aroma compounds and driving them across your palate to where they can be sensed by the olfactory apparatus in your nose. This will cause a huge burst of flavor — so much so that many people are overwhelmed the first time they try the technique. Don’t be shy about the slurping noise you make doing this.
Don’t swallow the wine yet. Run it around your mouth, across your tongue and your palate. Chew it a little bit for good measure. Most people aren’t aware of it, but you actually have taste receptors not only on your tongue, but also on your hard palate, soft palate, gums, and cheeks. They’ll all tell you something about the wine.
Go ahead and swallow, but don’t think you’re finished: Wait, and think about the character of the wine as it changes after swallowing. It will warm up on your palate, releasing different flavor compounds. This persistence of flavor is known as “finish.” This is usually where tannins and oak flavors show up. It’s also where the perception of alcohol is most notable.
If you’re having trouble coming up with the exact description of the aromas and flavors in your wine, check out the sidebar for typical varietal characteristics. Don’t worry if you can’t pick all of them out, or if you find ones that I haven’t listed. Different people have different sensitivity levels, and there are literally thousands of opinions on the “typical” character of specific wines. Go with what you detect, not with what someone else says.
Finally, on whether to spit or swallow: It depends. If you’re tasting one or two wines, then the ounce or so you’ll get from each shouldn’t impair your judgment. However, if  you typically taste twenty to forty wines at once, then those accumulated ounces will make it very hard to stand upright, much less accurately score the last dozen or so wines.
Scoring Wine: Grapes of Math
It’s one thing to go through all the steps to taste your wine properly, but to capitalize on your efforts you need to make a record of your impressions. Get a notebook and write down your impressions of all the wine you taste. Some winemakers add these notes to their cellar book where they keep the details of their fermentations. You may wish to keep a small separate notebook for tasting notes so you can take it with you to wine tastings and restaurants.
To formally codify your impressions, you should use a scoring system. You might be familiar with the 100-point system bandied about by slick commercial wine magazines, but those aren’t particularly useful. (Ever see them name a 38-point wine? What’s the difference between 94 points and 100 points? Okay, about $200 a bottle, but I mean other than that?)
Probably one of the simplest and most meaningful scales is the UC Davis 20-point scale. It assigns scores against typical characteristics, allowing you to compare one wine to another. In modified versions, it’s the one used by most winemakers, and the one I use every day at work for judging wine made from kits. Here’s how I break down my scores.
Now, this isn’t the final-wisdom version of the tasting scale, and a little research will reveal about two dozen variations. This is just the one I find most helpful in evaluating the five thousand kit wines I taste every year.

A Final Exercise for the Curious
Sometimes it’s very difficult to distinguish between the characteristics of oak, tannin, acid and alcohol: After all, where do we encounter the unalloyed flavor of oak in our daily life, much less tannin? Likewise, unless you enjoy the taste of battery terminals you won’t have encountered pure acidity, and most people think they know what alcohol tastes like, but really don’t. Here’s a simple exercise you can do to educate your palate on these flavors.
Materials• 1 gallon (3.8 liters) distilled water• 4 one-quart (950 mL) glass jars• Small saucepan• Strainer• 1 ounce (28 grams) oak powder• Tannin powder• Tartaric acid• Small bottle of 80-proof vodka• Six tasting glasses• Spit bucket• Glass of water• Oaked white wine(Australian Chardonnay)• Oaked red wine(Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot)
You’ll be preparing four solutions with the distilled water. Each will mimic the characteristics of the single component in the wine, isolated to make it easier to identify and compare it to the flavors in the wine.1. Bring 4 cups of distilled water to a boil. Toss in the oak powder and take it off the heat. Stir, let it sit until cool, and strain it into a container.2. Bring another 4 cups of distilled water to a boil. Dissolve 1/4 teaspoon of tannin powder into the water, take off the boil and allow to cool. Pour into second jar.3. Pour 4 cups of water into another jar and dissolve 1/4 teaspoon of tartaric acid into it. This will take a few moments of stirring.4. Pour 1 cup of vodka in the jar and add 3 cups of water, stirring well.
Note: These amounts are all set up for convenient measurements, and make enough solution for dozens of tasting sessions. Quarter-teaspoons are also pretty tiny measures to work with, but if you have an accurate eighth-teaspoon measure, you could halve the quantities of water. If using up a cup of vodka runs counter to your thrifty sensibilities, you can use a quarter-cup of 80-proof vodka and three-quarters of a cup of distilled water. (Cheapskate.)

Lining Up the Tasting
Pour an ounce and a half (45 mL) into each of your red and white wine into glasses, and an ounce and a half (45 mL) of each of the prepared solutions. Start by tasting the white wine, and write down your impressions of the flavors. Score it using our scale.
Next, take a sip of the acid solution, spit it out, and after a moment, take a sip of the wine. Try to pick out the acid flavor. Surprise! It’s pretty easy! Feel free to go back and forth  between the two if necessary to sort out your perception of acidity.
Take a drink of water to clear your palate, and move on to the oak. Again, start with the wine, and then try the oak, going back and forth as necessary. The woody, slightly drying character of the oak is quite easily distinguishable from the acid.
Clear your palate with more water, and repeat the process with the tannin. This time you will not find as clear a character in the white wine — it won’t have much tannin character.
Finally, clear your palate one more time and move on to the alcohol. The big surprise this time is that alcohol doesn’t “taste” of anything: It mainly seems to sweeten the water, and is perceived very much like sugar in the 10–12% concentration seen in wine.
When you repeat the process with the red wine the acid won’t be quite as easy to perceive, as red wine is less acid than white, and stronger in character as well. The alcohol and oak will be similar, but the tannin will shine through. This is a useful exercise for identifying the subtle difference between the “finish” of tannin and oak.

Exercising Your Taste Muscles
Like any pursuit, tasting gets easier the more you practice it. My advice is to treat the first taste of any wine you encounter as an educational opportunity. You may get a little ribbing for being a wine-nerd (here, come sit on the nerd-bench by me) but more often people will be interested in your pursuit of knowledge, even asking you to help them learn more. Keep your notebook handy and you’ll never miss the chance learn something new.
A good route to learning can be wine festivals. Wineries gather together in one convenient venue and display their wares for tasting. There are few other circumstances where you can taste dozens of Cabernet Sauvignons, scores of Rieslings, or forty champagnes for quite reasonable prices.
Keep in mind though that it’s rare that even professional winemakers can score more than a handful of wines accurately before their palates become fatigued. When I’m at a festival in my professional capacity (and believe me, my capacity for wine is truly professional) I concentrate on wines that interest me at the time: One day it might be Sauvignon Blanc, the next white dessert wines.

Entering wine competitions is a great way to gain valuable feedback, from professional wine judges, on our wines. Winning ribbons and medals also provides important validation and recognition of the top quality wines that are being made in the Lamorinda AVA – plus they look great on a wall or in your wine cellar. Wine competitions are easy to enter and for most competitions, your wines can be dropped off at local winemaking stores, such as MoreWine in Concord. Please save the following information and the Board encourages all members to enter your wines.

WINE JUDGING INFORMATION FOR LAMORINDA AVA MEMBERS

By:  David Hicks Winemaker and Grower

Introduction:

Wine competitions can provide valuable recognition for the quality of your wines, and valuable feedback to assist with future winemaking. The ribbons or medals you can win are a great way to showcase your achievements, and for commercial wines, to also help with marketing and sales.

Wine Competitions and Methodology:

For home winemakers, Lamorinda Winegrowers Association recommends the following two major wine comps: 

1. The California State Fair in Sacramento: entries due May 6: https://www.castatefair.org/california-home-wine/

• The Orange County Fair in So. Cal.   Entries due May 28:  https://ocws.org/home-wine-competition/

For commercial winemakers, LWGA recommends entering the following three competitions:

1. The California State Fair in Sacramento:  entries due May 22: https://www.castatefair.org/california-commercial-wine/

• The Orange County Fair in So. Cal:  entries due May 10:  https://ocws.org/commercial-wine-competition/

• The SF Chronicle Wine Competition:  entries due November 15: https://winejudging.com/

These competitions have both a professional and amateur competitions.  Wines are submitted by home winemakers or wineries individually.  Clubs cannot submit. They are taken in by one group who places them in unmarked numbered brown paper bags and categorized by grape type and are numbered without regard to year.  They are then presented to judging panels of 3 to 4 judges who are made up of a wide variety of people from all aspects of the wine industry.  After judging the results are submitted to a final group who compiles the results and published the scores.   These comps have thousands of entries each year and they are truly impartial.

Scoring:

The most common scoring used is a variation on the UC Davis 20 point System; 17 to 20 being Double Gold and Gold, and on down.  You can find this scoring online.  Awards are ribbons starting with DG on down to Honorable Mention.  Most comps have a Best of Show in Red, White, Desert, and Sparkling and the awards are plaques. Followed by Best of Class, Gold, etc. for each varietal of wine.    

How and Where to Enter:

For non pro winemakers the local home wine shops in our area will receive and hold your wines for pick up by the competition for bulk shipping.   Local shops include: More Wine, Oak Barrel and Napa Fermentation.  For some competitions there may be other drop off locations, so use the competition website to determine where and how to drop off your wines. Using these shops you avoid the major cost of shipping yourself which if you use UPS or Fed Ex can be expensive.  If you decide to enter other comps and have to ship direct you can often ship wines by claiming they are shipping homemade vinegar or honey.  That is your call. We suggest you contact a local shop well before the deadline for submission to the competition, so you can learn their cutoff date and other requirements.

Wining ribbons is comps is the best way for our AVA to make a name for itself and I strongly urge our members to start entering. 

See below for an outline of the meetings and educational topics planned for 2020. The Board has decided that members would benefit from more short educational components in meetings – on viticulture. Please review the meeting outlines listed below and we hope to see you at the Holiday Party on December 8th.

December 5, 2019 – Holiday Party, Featuring Local Wines, Food and Music

A fun-filled evening featuring local wines, food, music, dancing to Diamond Dave, a commerative wine glass and raffle prizes.

Date/Time: Thursday December 5th from 6:30pm-10:00pm
Location: The Serbian Cultural Center
Address: 1700 School Street, Moraga

LINK TO PURCHASE TICKETS:
https://lamorindawinegrowers.com/event-calendar/#!event/2019/12/5/lwga-holiday-party

Use coupon code “ccwg” and save $5/ticket

YEAR 2020 MEMBER MEETINGS:

January 26, 2020 – Viticulture/Farming Educational Meeting: Pruning Best Practices, Soils Testing and Board Elections

Meeting topics: pruning: best practices and what to do and avoid doing when pruning yourself or managing your vineyard manager’s pruning. In addition, this meeting will provide information on the benefits of soils testing to correct nutritional imbalances and how to easily complete a soils test for your vineyard or garden

March 29, 2020 – Mildew Control

Meeting topic: mildew control Mildew control is the biggest challenge for viticulture in LWGA due to or damp generally cool weather. This meeting will present best practices, timing, critical mildew period from flowering to fruit set, mildew control products recommended for our area, conventional vs. organic, and brief information on canopy management and other viticulture techniques for mildew control and improved harvest quality

May 31, 2020 – 4^th Annual Lamorinda American Viticultural Area Celebration and Members Choice Wine Rating

At this meeting, we will gather to celebrate the creation of our important local AVA. We will meet and share good food and great wine. We will also discuss what we have accomplished and our future goals.

Members choice wine rating: members are invited to bring wine that they have made in two categories: 1) Wines made with LWGA grapes and 2) wines made from grapes outside of the LWGA. The rating is easy: members only pick their top choice Red and White wines in each category, they do not need to score each wine

July 26, 2020 – Composting for Better Grapes and Plants and White Wine Winners – Tasting, Winemaking Explanation and Discussion

Compost is teaming with beneficial microbial life, minerals and fertilizers that are super beneficial for grape vines, and all other plants and vegetables. The results on plants from good compost are often amazing. This meeting will provide instruction on how to easily make compost from your yard trimmings and kitchen scraps.

White wine winners from major competitions (State, Winemakers Magazine, SF Chron, etc) will pour their wines and explain how the wine was made and answer questions. This discussion should help members learn new techniques and ways to improve their winemaking.

September 27, 2020  – Soil Moisture Meters for Improved Quality and Water Conservation and Red Wine Winners – Tasting, Winemaking Explanation and Discussion

Soil moisture meters are a valuable tool for ensuring our vines are not getting too much or too little water. We will be providing an overview of moisture meters and how to use them.

Red wine winners from major competitions (State, Winemakers Magazine, SF Chron, etc) will pour their wines and explain how the wine was made and answer questions. This discussion should help members learn new techniques and ways to improve their winemaking.

December 3, 2020 – LWGA Holiday Party

Members, friends and guests will gather to enjoy good food, good wines, music and dancing. This celebration is also a great opportunity for those in the public who are interested to passionate about wine to taste many of the finest wines being produced in the AVA –local wines that rival the best from other areas.

Additional Winemaking Educational Meetings

Additional educational sessions to assist members with winemaking or improved winemaking techniques may be scheduled in 2020 as well. If any such winemaking meetings are scheduled, this schedule will be updated and members will be notified.

Additional Viticulture/Winegrowing Educational Meetings or Property Visits

Other optional educational sessions on viticulture and winegrowing may also be scheduled.  If any additional viticulture meetings are offered, the schedule will be updated and members will be notified.

Members Topics or Site Visits

Any member who would like to lead an educational session on winemaking, viticulture or related topics, or if you would like to invite members over to visit your vineyard or winemaking facilities or if you have suggestions for future meeting, please contact the Board meeting coordinators Gerard van Steyn at gerardvs1@gmail.com or Daniel Howsepian at 5powderhounds@gmail.com, as the Board welcomes member participation.

As a followup to the last meeting at the Howsepian’s on electric fencing, this post provides links to suggested products to setup a portable electric fence. Since I started using a portable electric fence last year, I have not had any issues with raccoons or other varmits stealing our grapes or tree fruit. Its easy to setup and move, and not very expensive. In summary you will need an electric fence charger (either plug in or solar), electric fence posts, fence wire, a tester, a rubber mallet to tap in the posts. A dawn to dusk sensing outlet also is helpful since it will automatically turn the wires on and off. Here is a summary of what I use.. there are hundreds of other options available, so use this as your starting point:

FYI: I just tap in the plastic fence poles with a rubber hammer and find that two strands of hot rope or wire at the levels that varmits walk, but not touching too much weeds works quite well.  For the ground, you can just wrap the grounding wire onto a metal post from the vineyard, and it will ground across all posts on that row, or dive in metal grounding posts per instructions.  Reach out if you have any questions.

fence charger: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B000HHO9EE/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_search_asin_title?ie=UTF8&psc=1

tester:

https://www.amazon.com/Zareba-Electric-Fence-Tester-A1LVT-Z/dp/B00BIDYPQI/ref=sr_1_5?crid=1YGQ8J8XSELO5&keywords=electric+fence+tester&qid=1561844221&s=lawn-garden&sprefix=electric+fence+%2Clawngarden%2C219&sr=1-5

wire:

https://www.amazon.com/Farmily-Portable-Electric-Polywire-Conductor/dp/B01984BOG2/ref=sr_1_4?keywords=electric+fence+rope&qid=1561844313&s=lawn-garden&sr=1-4

posts:

https://www.amazon.com/Fi-Shock-P-30G-Green-Garden-Fence/dp/B010RJ7WAY/ref=sr_1_2_sspa?crid=3QSXEVXOPIG8M&keywords=electric+fence+posts&qid=1561844365&s=lawn-garden&sprefix=electric+fence+%2Clawngarden%2C217&sr=1-2-spons&psc=1

light sensor:

https://www.amazon.com/Woods-Outdoor-Photocell-Grounded-Weatherproof/dp/B00002NB2X/ref=pd_bxgy_2/139-5233384-8910226?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=B00002NB2X&pd_rd_r=997fa1db-6b80-4c89-95d5-201c9b03a7b5&pd_rd_w=Qjx01&pd_rd_wg=6pwWn&pf_rd_p=a2006322-0bc0-4db9-a08e-d168c18ce6f0&pf_rd_r=19JH5CSTVYQ6X6MY3F8Q&psc=1&refRID=19JH5CSTVYQ6X6MY3F8Q

rubber mallet:

https://www.amazon.com/TEKTON-30603-Fiberglass-Handle-16-Ounce/dp/B00KX4KB5M/ref=sxin_2_ac_d_pm?ac_md=1-0-VW5kZXIgJDEw-ac_d_pm&crid=25MTOKFVQML94&keywords=rubber+mallet&pd_rd_i=B00KX4KB5M&pd_rd_r=d7c29416-2f52-49a8-866d-40e6b6fdf819&pd_rd_w=nRI8u&pd_rd_wg=AjoDD&pf_rd_p=be5d8dec-444e-4770-91df-1e16a8c46da8&pf_rd_r=0A2H628MJZE2HJYWPNM8&qid=1564976084&s=lawn-garden&sprefix=rubb%2Clawngarden%2C209

At the State Fair Commercial Wine Competition, out of 2,538 entries, the Meadow View Winery 2016 Cabernet Franc, Lamorinda AVA, made by Bill English with locally grown grapes from Isabelle’s vineyard located in Moraga was awarded 99 points and a DOUBLE GOLD! This is a very impressive wine score that demonstrates the high quality of local wines. Congratulations to Bill English the winemaker and Doug Spear and Isabelle Ord the winegrowers!

This 99 point double gold wine is available for purchase at Jackson’s, Diablo Foods, and BevMo Lafayette and Orinda for only $25 or so. The Lamorinda Winegrowers Association Board encourages members to purchase and share this local award winning wine. We are excited about the future of Lamorinda wines and anticipate many future announcements on award winning local wines!

LWGA Board

During bloom is the ideal time to test your grape leaves and petioles (leaf stems) for any nutritional deficiencies. This analysis can be really helpful, particularly if your vineyard has suffered from low production or illness/disease. And you can use the results to add fertilizer or minerals if needed. Here is some info from FGL, one of the testing companies that I have used. ETS Labs and other testing companies perform this test as well.

For the leaf/petiole analysis, I have used FGL. Request the comprehensive petiole group. They will bill you around $60 for this. Follow instructions for sampling at bloom. Make sure to collect your samples in the morning, and cut the stems (petioles) of the leaves right away otherwise nutrients can flow from petiole to leaf, and brown bag them in separate bags instead of using ziplocks.  I send them in one usps priority mail box instead of overnight because overnight is so expensive. If you use priority mail, get them to the post office before noon on either monday or tuesday so they get to the lab before the weekend, and send them to the Santa Paula address.
http://www.fglinc.com/documents/SamplingProcedures-AG/Grape_Leaf_and_Soil.pdf
https://www.fglinc.com/documents/FGLAgChain.pdf

https://www.fglinc.com/frmSamples.php?sample=%3Cb%3EComprehensive+Petiole+Group%3A%3C%2Fb%3E+Nitrate-Nitrogen%2C+Phosphate-phosphorus%2C+Potassium%2C+Calcium%2C+Magnesium%2C+Zinc%2C+Manganese%2C+Iron%2C+Copper%2C+Boron%2C+Sodium&division=Ag&sub_division=Comprehensive+Petiole+Group&ID=164